Phosphorus-deoxidized copper with limited High amount of residual Phosphorus, ensuring complete removal of any oxide.   Corrosion resistance, excellent welding, soldering and forming properties for a variety of applications such as Plumbing , Heating, Refrigeration, Gas, Medical, HVAC&R and a wide range of Industrial uses.

High Strength low alloyed copper containing a limited amount of Iron.   Excellent welding and soldering properties designed specifically for High-pressure Air Conditioning & Refrigeration piping systems and equipment, particularly when CO2 is used as a refrigerant.

Electrolytic Tough-Pitch Copper, commercially pure very high conductivity refined by electrolytic deposition which is then melted and oxidized to the “tough pitch” condition with a controlled low oxygen content.   Excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance and good workability, common uses Busbars, Conductors, Contacts, Terminals and other current carrying applications.

Deoxidized Copper with limited medium amount of residual Phosphorus.   High electrical conductivity, corrosion resistance and excellent welding, soldering and forming properties for Electrical and Industrial purposes, common uses Conductors, Terminals, Lugs, Piping.

High Purity Deoxidized Copper with low level residual Phosphorus.   Very High electrical and thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, good welding, soldering and forming properties for Electrical and Industrial purposes, common uses High Frequency Cables, Conductors, Busbars, Terminals, Lugs, Thermostatic Control Tubing.

Free-machining brass contains about 58% copper and 39% zinc. Lead is added to improve machinability, in content of 1-3%wt. The microstructure is constituted by two phases, α and β. Duplex brass is easier to be hot worked by extrusion or stamping and machine.   Generally, an increase of Zn content produces stronger alloys with a moderate decrease in corrosion resistance and cold ductility. Other alloys required to be free-machining , yet retaining sufficient ductility for riveting or other cold work, contain less lead and more copper.   Halcor can produce Leaded Brass Rods, Flat Bars, Sections and Wires.  PropertiesLead isn’t soluble in a copper matrix and for that reason lead is dispersed homogenously in the form of fine globules in the microstructure. Lead acts as a lubricant decreasing the friction coefficient between the tool and the material, creating discontinuities that promote the chip fragmentation, reducing the cutting force and the tool wear rate.   Additions of other elements such as manganese, tin, aluminum, iron, silicon and arsenic may be used to improve strength and corrosion resistance. Leaded brass is used for its excellent machinability, good strength and atmospheric corrosion resistance.ApplicationsLeaded brass is used for architectural hardware, general purpose screw machine parts, screws, valves, fittings, bearings and specialty fasteners.Material Designation

Due to the maximum lead content of 0.2%, low lead alloys are fully compliant with the California Health and Safety Code (1953) and with Vermont Act 193 concerning lead in potable water systems but also based on Directive 2002/95/EC (RoHS), DM 174 del 06/04/2004, DIN 50930-6 Norm. Brand name for CW510L alloy is Free Brass ™ 1 and for CW511L is Free Brass ™ 2. These alloys, which are suitable for direct contact drinking water applications, are certified under NSF / ANSI 372 standard and are available across the standard round, hexagonal and square bars size range and are suitable for hot forging or machining.   Halcor can produce Low Lead Brass- Free BrassTM Solid, Hollow Rods and Seamless Tubes.PropertiesFree Brass™ 1 is suitable for machining and hot forging applications, exhibiting better machinability than Free Brass ™ 2, which is mainly suitable for forging stock and also exhibits better dezincification resistance due to the addition of As. The characteristics of Free Brass ™ alloys are similar to those of lead-based alloys, which allow machining with slight modifications to the tools and the feed rate . Also, the returns of processing (swarf, chippings) can be recycled even if mixed with traditional lead-based alloys. It is also suitable for products destined for the gas industry, since these alloys exhibit minimal risk of sparking.ApplicationsLow lead brass is suitable for drinking water applications (faucets, valves, fittings, etc), for usage in high temperature conditions, for manufacturing of forged and casting parts and for gas fittings.Material Designation

Single phase alpha brass is characterized by maximum cold ductility and can be extensively deformed by rolling, drawing, bending, spinning, deep drawing (for the manufacture of cartridge cases), coining, piercing, cold heading and thread rolling. Tubes for heat exchangers are frequently manufactured from the alpha brass, normally of 70/30 composition but often containing alloying additions which enhance corrosion resistance. Substantial quantities of alpha alloys are also used for the manufacture of fasteners such as wood screws, rivets and zip fasteners. For less demanding fabrications such as spring contacts in a domestic electrical socket, an alloy with a higher zinc content can be used, such as CuZn33, CuZn36 and CuZn37 (common brass). These alloys are not quite as ductile as CuZn30, although other mechanical properties are similar.   Halcor can produce lead free brass Solid Rods, Seamless Βrass Tubes, Welded Brass Tubes, Flat Bars, Sections and Wires.    Material Designation

High Tensile brass is copper-zinc alloy which combines with additives to increase the tensile strength over that of the simple binary copper-zinc brass.   Halcor can produce High Tensile Brass Solid and Hollow rods.PropertiesThis family of alloys exhibit tensile strength in excess of 700N/mm2, along with enhanced properties of wear and corrosion resistance.   The alloys containing aluminium have an attractive, naturally lustrous surface and a protective oxide film for extra corrosion resistance. The silicon-containing alloys with manganese have excellent wear resistance, due to the formation of a very hard intermetallic compound, manganese silicide, in the basic matrix.ΑpplicationsThey are suitable for a wide range of applications and service conditions, ranging from decorative architectural use to wear resistant automobile transmission components and the high strength, high integrity equipment used in mines.  EU End of Life Vehicle (ELV) DirectiveThe EU End of Life Vehicle (ELV) Directive, adopted in September 2000, includes provision for phasing out metals such as lead used in automotive components. Applications for these copper alloys include bearing shells and bushes, nozzles, connection parts, fixtures and locks.Material Designation

DZR (Dezincification-resistant) brass constitutes the best solution for use in unusually aggressive water supplies. In this environment, conventional duplex brass water fittings can suffer, a form of corrosion known as dezincification. This involves selective leaching of the zinc which can cause fracture of the fitting. Addition of a small amount of phosphorous, arsenic or antimony inhibits the occurrence of the dezincification.   Halcor can produce DZR Solid and Hollow Rods and Seamless Tubes.PropertiesBrass at hot stamping or extrusion temperature, contains sufficient β phase to be hot-worked satisfactorily.The B phase can be converted by subsequent heat treatment to an all-alpha structure which is protected against dezincification by incorporating arsenic in the alloy. Forgeable DZR brass, such as CW602N (CZ132), is leaded brass and its machinability is comparable with the leaded duplex brass CW617N (CZ122). They are commonly used for production of water fittings. Rods and bars for machining are heat treated by the materials supplier to put them into the dezincification-resistant condition. Forging stock is supplied without heat treatment since it must be heated after forging to 500-525ºC, held for at least two hours and slowly cooled, to ensure resistance to dezincification. This has to be done by the fittings manufacturer. The need for heat-treatment after forging, to ensure an all-alpha structure, can sometimes be avoided by controlled slow cooling through the temperature range 550ºC to 450ºC. Although, this is a more difficult method to achieve the correct degree of dezincification resistance.ApplicationsThese alloys are used as fittings, stopcocks and valves with a carefully controlled composition, which are made by extrusion or hot stamping. This production process must be followed by heat treatment to ensure that the material will satisfy the requirements of the standard dezincification-resistance test (EN ISO 6509-1). The maximum permitted parameters of dezincification are defined in EN product standards.Material Designation

Naval Brass has a chemical composition of around 60% copper 39% zinc and 1% tin with an amount of lead. These alloys are included in the family of α and β or duplex brass. This category of brass exhibit generally higher mechanical properties than other non-duplex brass.   Halcor can produce Naval brass Solid and Hollow rods and Sections.PropertiesAs its name implies, naval brass is widely used for naval and steam-generating equipment and generally for sea water service applications, where a strong, hard material is required. Tin is included in the alloy composition in order to improve the corrosion resistance of the material. Tin tends to inhibit dezincification. Dezincification is a type of dealloying in which one of constitutes of an alloy is removed by corrosion. In this case, Zn is depleted and results in a porous Cu-rich layer. The presence of lead in naval brass assists in the machinability of the metal. This subcategory of brass is named leaded naval brass and contains nominally 60% Cu, 1% Sn, 2% Pb and 37%Zn. These alloys have the equivalent strength and corrosion resistance of naval brass plus considerably improved machinability.ApplicationsNaval brass is used in propeller shafts, marine hardware, decorative fittings, shafting, propeller shafts and turn buckles. There are also many industrial applications, such as welding rods, condenser plates, structural uses, valve stems, balls, heat exchanger tubes, aircraft turnbuckle barrels, dies, and many more.Material Designation